دانشگاه اصفهان پژوهش های راهبردی مسائل اجتماعی 3041-8623 8 2 2019 06 22 Developing a Model for Social Capacity Building and Water Crisis Socialization تدوین الگو به‌منظور ظرفیت‌سازی اجتماعی و جامعه‌پذیری بحران آب 107 138 24384 10.22108/srspi.2020.121105.1492 FA مهسا آستانه دانشجوی دکتری رشتۀ علوم ارتباطات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلا‌می ‌اصفهان، واحد خوراسگان، ایران فائزه تقی پور استادیار، گروه آموزشی مدیریت فرهنگی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلا‌می ‌اصفهان، واحد خوراسگان، ایران حمید دوازده امامی استادیار، گروه آموزشی مدیریت فرهنگی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلا‌می ‌اصفهان، واحد خوراسگان، ایران Journal Article 2020 01 14 Introduction Population growth, climate change, urbanization and diversification of water use, mismanagement ‎of water resources along with the degradation of the environment have put great pressure on the ‎limited available water resources. Competition over limited water resources has also led to ‎widespread debate in the field of water to date, which has been called the status of water resources ‎beyond the water crisis and even water bankruptcy in Iran. In such circumstances, it seems that the ‎primary precondition for successful management of the water crisis is the socialization of the issue ‎with the socialization of individuals on water issues. Environmental socialization is a relatively new ‎topic in the field of sociological studies, which means that to what extent institutions and factors of ‎socialization, such as family, school, peer group, institutions, media, etc. can influence people's ‎attitudes, worldviews and ultimately their behavior, and institutionalize and internalize environmental ‎values.‎ Material & Methods The purpose of this study is to provide a strategic pattern for social capacity ‎building and ‎citizens’ ‎socialization towards water crisis issues. For this ‎purpose, in the qualitative ‎paradigm, based on ‎Grounded Theory ‎Methodology, Strauss and Corbin's systematic ‎approach has been used.‎ Also, 33‏‎ ‎deep and semi-structured interviews were conducted using ‎theoretical sampling ‎and further ‎snowball techniques with experts in the water, social ‎and ‎communication sciences and media. In ‎order to assess the validity of the ‎interviews, ‎interpretations of the interviews were made by self-‎assessed ‎interviewees and, at the end, a ‎summary of the pattern was presented to ‎several of the ‎professors and their comments ‎were accepted for modification. ‎ Discussion of Results & Conclusions ‎The main issue of the research was called the ‘Social ‎Capacity Building’. ‎The causal conditions ‎of socialization toward the water crisis were: academic ‎and educational weakness, lack of expertise, non-‎commitment in ‎responsibility, failure to ‎empowerment public opinion, distrust, concealment ‎and ‎gatekeeping, lack of media ‎democracy, inappropriate media policy, social ‎dissatisfaction, low ‎social capital, the ‎transition from tradition to modernity ‎and low communication. ‎Also, research ‎strategies include creating private media, building trust, promoting ‎social capital, socializing ‎the ‎water crisis and increasing demand, creating a ‎dialogue of water and the renewal of the ‎culture ‎of water dignity, interacting ‎with the media, creating a system of encouragement ‎and punishment, ‎increasing training and water literacy, science-centered approach, using ‎media tactics, selecting ‎effective media, establishing effective ‎communication all were resulted from ‎three stages of coding.‎‎‎‏ ‏The ‎non-socialization and non-institutionalization of water value as contextual conditions and the ‎diversity of audiences as confounding conditions were also obtained. Thus, the positive consequences of ‎the socialization of the water crisis were: increased water literacy, a central community of ‎water discourse, and compliance with conditions. The negative consequences were the lack of ‎socialization of the water crisis, the lack of social participation, and the spread of controversial ‎rumors.‎ Iranian people live in a dry and semi-arid country that has always had problems supplying ‎water in some parts of the country, however, the study shows that Iranian behavior is not in line ‎with popular behavior in a water-scarce country. Resources and consumption in the country are ‎inconsistent. Now that the country is facing a severe water crisis, the need for socialization of the ‎water crisis and socialization of the crisis by the people is urgently needed. In fact, the findings of ‎the study indicate that the water issue is not posed a socio-natural crisis in the society, and this is ‎determined by the data-driven conditions in the paradigmatic model. One of the important aspects ‎of socialization is media. Since the media have a powerful voice role for all people and people ‎spend a lot of time on them, so they are at the forefront of societal factors (Gill & Adams, 2005: ‏‎‎‏90-‎‏98‏‎).‎ All participants in the study believed that the media in Iran did not succeed in socializing the water ‎crisis. And people have not received enough training in this field. Strengthening media and ‎communication dimensions is one of the key points in these findings. Early childhood education ‎and the creation of a water discourse through effective dialogue about water in the community is ‎strongly recommended with the help of social facilitators and restoring lost public confidence to ‎increase their participation. It is also about revitalizing water culture and institutionalizing water ‎value in the society and turning it into a social issue alongside technical solutions to ways out of crisis.‎ چکیده هدف پژوهش حاضر، ارائۀ الگویی راهبردی برای ظرفیت‌سازی اجتماعی و جامعه‌پذیری مردم نسبت به مسائل بحران آب است. بدین منظور در پارادایم تفسیری مبتنی بر روش‌شناسی کیفی، از روش نظریۀ داده‌بنیاد رویکرد سیستماتیک استراوس و کوربین (1988) استفاده شده است. 33 مصاحبۀ عمیق و نیمه‌ساختاریافته با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری نظری و فن گلوله‌برفی با کارشناسان در حوزه‎‌های آب، علوم اجتماعی و ارتباطات و رسانه انجام شد. برای ارزیابی اعتبار، مصاحبه‌شوندگان تفسیر مصاحبه‌ها را تأیید کردند و در پایان خلاصه‌ای از الگوی ‏صورت‌‎بندی‌شده به ‏چند نفر از استادان، ارائه و ‏نظرهای آنها برای اصلاح ‏و ‏تعدیل جمع‌آوری شد. مقولۀ هسته‌ای پژوهش «ظرفیت‌سازی اجتماعی» نام گرفت. شرایط علی در جامعه‌پذیری بحران آب شامل ضعف علمی ‌و آموزشی، نبودن خبرگی، نداشتن تعهد در مسئولیت، توانمندنکردن افکار عمومی، بی‌اعتمادی، پنهان‌کاری و دروازه‌بانی سلیقه‌ای، نبودن دموکراسی رسانه‌ای، سیاست‌گذاری نامناسب رسانه‌‎ای، وجود نارضایتی اجتماعی، سرمایۀ اجتماعی پایین، گذار از سنت به مدرنیته و توان ارتباطی پایین بود. همچنین راهبردهای پژوهش عبارت‌اند از: ایجاد رسانه‌های خصوصی، اعتمادآفرینی، ارتقای سرمایۀ اجتماعی، اجتماعی‌کردن بحران آب و افزایش مطالبه‌گری، خلق گفتمان و احیای فرهنگ منزلت آب، تعامل با رسانه‌ها، ایجاد نظام تشویق و تنبیه، آموزش و افزایش سواد آبی، رویکرد علم‌محور، استفاده از تاکتیک‌های رسانه‌ای، انتخاب رسانۀ اثرگذار و برقراری ارتباطات اثربخش که در سه مرحلۀ کدگذاری به دست آمد.

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